Jordan | Archive of weather conditions that affected the Kingdom during the 2021/2022 rainy season

Arabia Weather - The Regional Arab Weather Center archives the most prominent weather events and important data for the 2021/2022 rainy season over a period extending from September to May, with the aim of knowing the performance of the rainy season, and for the purposes of referring to it in the future and comparing it to the winter seasons and rainy seasons during the previous and subsequent years, God willing.

A general description about the winter of 2021/2022 and the rainy season

The winter season was characterized by a rainy beginning since September and during the fall of 2021, as the Kingdom and the Levant began to be affected by weather events that brought temperature fluctuations and rain. The rainy season was characterized by increasing activity since the onset of winter, and the Kingdom’s mountains first received snowfalls in the month of December, while the Kingdom was exposed to a long series of depressions. The weather during January brought advanced degrees, and rain activity continued during the month of February, but then attention turned to the month of March, which ended with an atmosphere that can be described as unusual as a result of the arrival of polar air masses in an unusual way, as a result of which snow fell, and strong waves of frost and freeze occurred, which made March 2022 is the coldest month in nearly two decades.

The total weather depressions that affected the Kingdom throughout the 2021/2022 rainy season

September 23-24, 2021: First-degree depression ( weakest ):

At the end of September, the Kingdom was affected by the first depression of the season, accompanied by a colder air mass than usual, which was classified as first-class according to the Arabian Weather Index to measure the severity of the depressions. The depression brought a significant drop in temperatures and the dominance of cold conditions during the day and relatively cold at night. With rain and hail showers falling on the north and center of the Kingdom and the rain reaching the peaks of the Sharah Mountains, the rain was heavy for some time, causing water levels to rise on some roads.

December 20-24, 2021 A third-degree depression ( moderate-high effectiveness ) accompanied by a very cold air mass:

As of Monday, the Kingdom was affected by the first third-degree depression, and a first air front crossed in the late hours of Monday morning, causing a significant drop in temperatures and an increase in the speed of the winds, whose gusts touched the 100 km/hour barrier, which worked to raise dust and dust extensively. Heavy rains and hail showers fell on several regions of the Kingdom, and snow fell on mountain highlands that rise more than 1,100 meters and accumulated on mountains of 1,300 meters or more in the south of the Kingdom.

The precipitation decreased in the afternoon in preparation for the crossing of a major, highly effective air front during the evening and night hours, which resulted in heavy rainy weather prevailing at times in the north and center of the Kingdom. Snow showers fell over the tops of the high mountain highlands, and the highly effective air front continued until dawn on Tuesday.

From Tuesday dawn until Friday, December 24, the Kingdom was affected by long-term humid western air currents that continued to rain in various regions of the Kingdom. Good amounts of rain fell, the highest in the capital, Amman.

January 13-15, 2022 Second degree depression ( normal ):

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by a second-degree (regular) depression, which started on Thursday/Friday night and continued until Saturday, when an air front crossed, the temperature dropped, and a noticeably cold atmosphere prevailed. The winds became active, and rain fell on different regions of the Kingdom in the form of Snow showers over the peaks of the Sharah Mountains

January 16, 2022 A third-degree depression ( medium-high effectiveness ) behind which a polar air mass rushed

On Sunday, January 16, the Kingdom was affected by a third-degree depression (medium-high effectiveness), and a cold air front crossed from the north of the Kingdom in the morning, reaching the southern regions. Temperatures dropped, very cold weather prevailed, and rain fell, which was heavy at times, in many parts of the Kingdom. Snow fell on the Sharah Mountains, and snow fell and accumulated in a rare and limited manner in the areas of the eastern desert.

January 19-20, 2022 A third-degree depression ( medium-high effectiveness ) and a very cold polar air mass.

On the morning of Wednesday, January 19, the Kingdom was affected by an air depression classified as third degree (medium-high effectiveness), and a cold air front crossed, starting in the northern regions and quickly extending to the central and southern regions during the daylight hours. It caused temperatures to drop and cold to very cold weather prevailed, and it rained. Showers of rain were heavy at times, accompanied by showers of hail, and perhaps mixed with snow, over some areas. Snow also fell on mountain highlands that were more than 1,000 meters high in the morning, and the level of precipitation rose to 1,200 meters during the rest of the day.

The influence of a frigid Siberian air mass that pushed into the region recently deepened, coinciding with the continued precipitation on Wednesday/Thursday night and the low level of snowfall, as intermittent showers of snow fell over the mountain highlands with a height of more than 800 meters, including the northern and central highlands, including the highlands of the capital, in addition to the southern highlands, and extended. Snow falls again in the southern and eastern Badia regions.

Rain and snow precipitation decreased after midnight on Wednesday/Thursday, with the exception of the southern highlands, which continued to receive intermittent snow showers until Thursday dawn, coinciding with the deepening influence of the Siberian polar winds, whereby temperatures fell again to below zero degrees Celsius in many parts, and ice and freezes formed in large areas.

Coinciding with the blowing of active westerly winds with strong to severe gusts, they touched the 100 km/h barrier in the eastern regions and stirred up thick dust and dust over the desert areas.

January 23-24, 2022 Second-degree depression ( normal ) accompanied by a very cold air mass

As of Sunday afternoon, the Kingdom was affected by a second-degree depression accompanied by a very hot air mass that crossed a cold air front. Temperatures dropped, winds intensified, and showers of rain fell starting in the northern regions and extending to the central and southern regions on Sunday evening. The rain was heavy at times and mixed with snow over the peaks. High mountain heights, and the crossing of the air front was completed at night, as precipitation became less regular.

The effect of the extremely cold air mass deepened on Monday, and extremely cold weather prevailed with scattered showers of rain mixed with snow over the tops of the high mountain highlands until the hours of Monday evening. The depression then moved away and the weather returned to stability as it turned to frigid cold and frost and freeze formed.

January 26-29, 2022 A fourth-degree depression ( highly effective ) accompanied by a frigid and polar air mass.

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by a fourth-degree (highly effective) depression accompanied by a very cold polar air mass and considered the strongest since the beginning of the season. An effective polar air front crossed Wednesday afternoon and evening, causing a significant drop in temperatures and an increase in wind speeds, and it received mountain highlands of more than Snow was more than 1,000 meters high on Wednesday evening, and the snow gradually extended to heights of 800 meters above sea level.

The snow accumulated rapidly over time and included many areas of the Kingdom, including various parts of the capital, Amman, and the main cities. The snow was sometimes thundery, and heavy rain fell on areas below that altitude, accompanied by heavy hail showers at times.

The Kingdom crossed a new polar air front at midnight on Wednesday/Thursday, with the influence of polar winds deepening in all layers of the atmosphere, which means that the Kingdom entered the peak of the influence of the atmospheric depression, and the level of snowfall decreased and included heights of 700 meters in the north, center and east of the Kingdom. Snow extended, including the highlands. Irbid and Zarqa as a result of the snow extending for some time to areas below that height at dawn on Thursday. The snow was heavy, especially in the central regions and the capital, Amman, while heavy rain and hail continued to fall on low-lying areas.

Meanwhile, the weather was very cold, windy, and often cloudy in the southern regions, with showers of snow falling from time to time over the mountains, and there was an increase in wind speed, with gusts reaching the 100 km/hour barrier in the mountain highlands, especially the southern ones.

Most of the regions of the Kingdom with an altitude of more than 700 meters were white on Thursday morning, and accumulation increased with increasing altitude. The low air depression moved away from the region and humid polar winds rushed behind it from Thursday afternoon until Friday, and the level of snowfall rose to 1000, while areas with an altitude of less than This is rain or mixed with snow, and the remnants of wet streams continued on Saturday, and rain fell at intervals until the evening hours.

It is noteworthy that the capital, Amman, recorded good thicknesses of snow on Thursday morning, the highest in the west and south of the capital at 25-35 cm, while the north of the capital, Amman, recorded snow thickness between 20-30 cm, while the east of the capital recorded snow accumulation of about 10-20 cm, and the air depression left behind it. Many closed roads and stranded cars. The snow also broke a large number of trees and fell electricity poles, causing the power to be cut off. It was followed by widespread freezing and ice formation.

February 3-5, 2022: A second-degree ( normal ) depression accompanied by a very cold air mass.

During this period, the Kingdom was affected by a depression and a very cold air mass. Temperatures dropped and cold to severe weather prevailed in most regions of the Kingdom. Showers of rain fell over many regions, and intermittent showers of snow fell over the peaks of the Sharah Mountains, reaching the towering mountains of the north. For a temporary period, coinciding with active winds and strong gusts.

February 9-10, 2022: A second-degree ( normal ) depression accompanied by a very cold air mass.

The Kingdom was affected by a new depression during that period, which was classified as a normal depression, and was accompanied by a very cold air mass, bringing noticeably cold weather. Rain fell on the north and center of the Kingdom, sometimes heavy, with active wind speeds, and snow falling on the peaks of Ajloun and Jerash accumulated to a limited extent. Over some areas, it is noteworthy that the depression was preceded by a warm air front that caused a noticeable rise in temperatures.

February 24-25, 2022 Second-degree depression ( normal ) accompanied by a cold air mass

At the end of February, the Kingdom was affected by a normal depression that brought cold winter weather followed by humid westerly air currents. Rain fell on the north and center of the Kingdom, extending to parts of the southern region. The rains were heavy at times, with active westerly winds accompanied by strong gusts.

2-3/March/2022: Second-degree ( normal ) depression accompanied by a cold and humid air mass.

At the beginning of the month of March, the Kingdom was affected by a second-degree depression accompanied by some strong weather phenomena, as there was a sharp drop in temperatures by more than 11 degrees Celsius, and cold weather prevailed during the day and extremely cold at night with the formation of frost, and showers of rain fell in the north and parts of In the center of the Kingdom, the active westerly winds were the most distinctive phenomenon during the depression, as the depression was accompanied by strong wind gusts whose gusts reached 100 km/hour in many areas.

Which caused the formation of strong sand storms in the south and east of the Kingdom, which led to a lack of horizontal visibility, causing many accidents on desert roads. It is noteworthy that the depression was preceded by a warm air front that led to temperatures rising to twenty levels.

10-11/March/20222 A second-degree ( normal ) depression, but it is accompanied by a very cold air mass.

During this period, the Kingdom was affected by a new second-degree depression, but it was accompanied by a very cold air mass, which caused a significant drop in temperatures and a cold to very cold January atmosphere prevailed. Rain and hail showers fell at intervals in the north and center of the Kingdom. The rain was accompanied by storms. Strong thunderstorms for some time, and rain sometimes extended to parts of the southern region, and showers of snow fell over the northern highlands, whose height exceeded 1,100 metres, coinciding with strong westerly to southwesterly winds blowing, accompanied by strong gusts that sent light-weight objects flying. In addition to billboards.

It is worth noting that the depression was followed by deepening dry polar winds that led to temperatures falling at night to zero degrees Celsius, with a strong and widespread wave of frost that spread across most regions of the Kingdom, including agricultural areas. The extremely cold weather and temperatures near zero degrees Celsius at night continued for several days after the depression.

March 23-25, 2022 A third-degree depression ( medium-high effectiveness ) and an extremely cold and polar air mass.

Despite the beginning of the vernal equinox, an extremely cold air mass entered the Kingdom again, creating an unusual depression that was classified as third-degree. The depression and the polar air mass caused the extremely cold weather to continue, and showers of rain and hail fell on the north and center of the Kingdom. It sometimes extended to the southern regions, and showers of snow fell over the northern and central mountain highlands that exceeded 1,000 meters in height, in addition to parts of the Sharah Mountains. Snow was accumulated to a limited extent, especially over the mountains of the north and south, and the precipitation was heavy at times, coinciding with the activity of westerly winds in many areas. Regions.

Total cases of weather instability that affected the Kingdom throughout the 2021/2022 rainy season:

November 19-21, 2021: A ( moderate ) state of atmospheric instability

As a result of the presence of a depression centered off the coast of Egypt and a cold and humid air mass in all layers of the atmosphere, which coincided with the extension of the Red Sea depression, a state of air instability arose that was considered the most severe and widespread since the beginning of the season. The situation brought noticeable weather fluctuations in the form of a significant drop in temperatures and a predominance. Relatively cold weather during the day and noticeably cold at night.

With the appearance of large amounts of clouds and rain falling on random areas and many regions of the Kingdom, including the main cities, the capital, Amman, the Badia regions, and the southern highlands, the rains were heavy and accompanied by thunderstorms, lightning strikes, and heavy and accumulated hail.

This led to the flow of a number of valleys, the rise in water levels on the roads, and the occurrence of rockslides in the south of the Kingdom. Rainwater also raided a school in Al-Salt Governorate.

November 13-14, 2021: A ( weak ) state of atmospheric instability:

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by another weak state of atmospheric instability, which brought medium and high clouds, interspersed with cumulonimbus clouds, which caused rain to fall in random areas concentrated in the desert regions and led to some torrents flowing in those areas.

October 29 - November 1, 2021: A ( weak-moderate ) state of atmospheric instability:

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by another state of instability that affected for several days, bringing medium and high clouds, interspersed with cumulonimbus clouds that caused thunderstorms to fall in random areas that included parts of the main cities and the eastern desert, accompanied by falling winds that caused dust waves to form in the desert regions. .

October 11-15, 2021: A ( weak ) state of atmospheric instability:

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by a state of atmospheric instability, accompanied by cumulus thunderclouds that led to rain accompanied by lightning and thunder falling on random areas. The thunderstorm rains included the main cities, including the capital, Amman. The thunderclouds were also accompanied by blowing winds that stirred up dust and dust.

December 14, 2021 A ( weak-moderate ) case of atmospheric instability:

On Tuesday/Wednesday night, the Kingdom was affected by a weak to moderate state of air instability, and a cold air front crossed, causing showers of rain in the north, center, and parts of the south of the Kingdom, which were heavy in some narrow geographical areas.

December 28-31, 2021: A ( weak ) state of atmospheric instability

At the end of December, the Kingdom was affected by a weak state of atmospheric instability that led to the appearance of clouds and the rainfall of sporadic and random showers of rain.

January 9, 2022: A ( moderate ) state of atmospheric instability

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by a moderate state of atmospheric instability as a result of a cold air mass, and thunderstorms fell that were concentrated in the south and east of the Kingdom, especially the desert regions. The rains were heavy in those areas, and torrents formed in the desert regions, which led to the death of a person who was swept away by the torrents inside his vehicle in Ma’an, may God have mercy on him.

January 31, 2022 A ( weak ) case of atmospheric instability

During the last days of the month, the Kingdom was affected by a weak state of atmospheric instability. Random showers of rain mixed with snow or in the form of light snow fell on the peaks of the southern mountain highlands.

February 18, 2022 A ( moderate ) state of instability

After mid-February, a very cold air mass rushed into the upper layers of the atmosphere, coinciding with a superficial extension of the Red Sea depression, which led to the emergence of a moderately severe state of air instability centered in the south of the Kingdom. It caused heavy showers of rain to fall, including the city of Aqaba, and water levels rose on the roads and formed Floods in the valleys, and snow fell on the southern peaks of the Sharah Mountains.

March 21, 2022: A ( weak ) but polar state of atmospheric instability

During that period, the Kingdom was affected by a polar state of atmospheric instability, but it was generally weak in effectiveness. It led to showers of freezing rain that were concentrated in the far northern regions. Light, ineffective showers of snow also fell in areas that rarely witness snowfalls, such as Irbid and the Ramtha District.

April 23-24, 2022: A ( moderate-strong ) case of atmospheric instability

At the end of April, the Kingdom was affected by a state of atmospheric instability resulting from the expansion of the Red Sea depression, as rain cumulus clouds formed over various areas of the Kingdom and were concentrated in the desert, accompanied by rainfall, which was sometimes heavy and accompanied by thunderstorms. The Kingdom’s main cities were also affected by dust waves. Heavy rain moved from the desert areas as a result of the falling winds that accompanied the thunderclouds.