The most prominent air systems that usually prevail in Saudi Arabia during the month of October

Arab weather - October in Saudi Arabia is characterized by tangible thermal fluctuations, and the region and the Kingdom are affected by several weather systems, most notably the extension of the Red Sea depression, and sometimes kinetic air depressions accompanied by cold and warm air fronts, and the month of October embraces the marking season with the middle of October, specifically on the sixteenth of it According to the "Umm Al-Qura" calendar, announcing the beginning of the rainy season in the Kingdom.

The month of October witnesses drastic changes in the distribution of air systems

October witnesses remarkable changes in the distribution of atmospheric systems in the region, so that the surface pressure begins to fill and gradually recedes from the atmospheric thermal depression in the east of the Arabian Peninsula, as a result of the drop in temperatures to be gradually replaced by an air rise that contributes to the rush of moist air currents coming from the Arabian Sea towards the Kingdom.

Simultaneously with that, the activity of the Red Sea depression is increasing to the east of the atmospheric high, during this period the Red Sea water has gained more heat compared to the land and this causes a decrease in atmospheric pressure in the middle of the Red Sea, contributing to the withdrawal of the wet masses rushing from the Arabian Sea to push them towards the Kingdom, and the interaction With the cold upper basins, if they push from the north towards the eastern basin of the Mediterranean, which leads to the emergence of atmospheric instability.

The beginning of the second period of tropical conditions in the Arabian Sea and its impact on Saudi Arabia

With the beginning of October, the second season of tropical conditions activity begins in the Arabian Sea, but the impact of tropical conditions on Saudi Arabia is often indirect, as tropical cases contain huge amounts of relative humidity. Which may lead to an active and effective response to the Red Sea depression, providing an ideal environment for the reproduction of thunderclouds.

And because each base has an anomaly, Saudi Arabia has historically been directly affected by a tropical situation and during the month of October. On the first of October of 1992, a tropical storm developed in the waters of the Arabian Sea to turn into a devastating cyclone that made its way directly towards the coasts of the Sultanate of Oman, hitting it with every force and continuing its way. Rarely and in an extreme way, towards the Empty Quarter area in Saudi lands, and it continued to rotate until it reached its influence towards the center of Saudi Arabia, including the capital, Riyadh.

For more details: Video | This is how satellites detected a tropical cyclone in Saudi Arabia in 1992

Notable climate records for the month of October

The month of October is characterized by a cold breeze that descends on the northern borders of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and in the southwestern highlands at night. Despite the warmth of the weather during the day, the evenings are characterized by the gentleness of their ideal weather. The average minimum during the month of October in those areas is around 15-18 degrees Celsius.

The average maximum temperature in the capital, Riyadh, during the month of October is 35.5 degrees Celsius, while the average minimum temperature is 18.2 degrees Celsius, and the average rainfall is 1.2 mm, with an average of one rainy day during the month.

At the level of the Kingdom, the average maximum temperature in various regions of the Kingdom during the month of October ranges between 27-39 degrees Celsius, and the lowest between 12-21 degrees Celsius, as for the level of rainfall, the rate of rain accumulation in the western regions of the Kingdom during a month October is between 4-16 mm, and in the northern borders is approximately 4 mm during the same month.

Statistics source: National Center of Meteorology