Which is colder, the North Pole or the South Pole, and why?

Weather of Arabia - We all know that the regions of the north and south poles are the coldest ever in the globe, in addition to the tops of the high mountain ranges such as the Himalayas and the Andes.

But have you ever wondered which poles are colder, and why? The answer to that question is that the Antarctic is the coldest in the world, due to the following reasons:

1- The Antarctic consists of the continent of Antarctica, that is, a flat land, while the North Pole is mostly seas, except for the island of Greenland, but the latter is not located in the center of the North Pole like the Antarctic continent. But what does that have to do with cold? It is known that the land cools more quickly than the seas, because the latter contains water, which has the properties of retaining heat as much as possible more than the land. Thus, the temperature of the land (Antarctica) decreases during the night hours more rapidly than the seas (Arctic Ocean).

2- Antarctica contains volcanic mountain chains, where the average height of the Antarctic continent is about 3000 meters above sea level! Whereas, as we discussed in the previous point, the Arctic Ocean forms the center of the North Pole, but with limited heights above sea level. We all know that the temperature decreases rapidly with the increase in the height above sea level in the troposphere. This makes Antarctica, with its towering mountains, the coldest on the planet's surface.

3- The winter season reaches its peak in the northern hemisphere in the month of January of each year, while the winter season reaches its peak in the southern hemisphere in the month of August. It is known astronomically that the Earth is at its farthest from the sun in the months of July and August of each year, while it is closest to the sun in the months of December and the second. This factor constitutes a small addition to the first and second points, which are considered the most important, after God's will, to cool the South Pole more than the North.

It is noteworthy that the lowest temperature on the Earth's surface in recent records was recorded at the Russian Vostok Research Station in the middle of Antarctica at the end of July of the year 1983 AD, and it amounted to -89 degrees Celsius.

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