Q: What is the main factor that leads to the formation of downdrafts?

Arab Weather - The main factor that leads to the formation of downdrafts is the cooling of air in the upper layers of the atmosphere, especially inside large cumulus clouds. When the air cools, it becomes denser and heavier, and begins to descend towards the Earth's surface. This cooling can occur as a result of rainfall or the evaporation of water that cools the surrounding air.

In thunderstorms, downdrafts typically form when large raindrops fall from clouds, pulling cold air toward the ground. When these downdrafts reach the Earth's surface, they can cause strong winds known as downbursts, which can be strong enough to cause damage.