Africa | The humid tropical cyclone (MJO) affects Africa for a long time and brings rain waves to several Arab countries

Arab Weather - Meteorologists at the Arab Weather Regional Center are monitoring the increasing impact of the humid tropical wave (MJO) on central and northern Africa, which is gradually moving westward, which will be accompanied, God willing, by an increase in the rate of rainfall in central and northern Africa, including the Sahara Desert, which is one of the driest regions in the world. The rains will affect many Arab countries, including Sudan, which will increase the suffering of the population in light of the increasing severity and danger of floods.

The MJO is affecting Africa as the tropical break expands, producing intense rain waves.

In detail, large areas of central and northern Africa, including the African Sahara, will be affected by the humid tropical mass for at least the next two weeks, coinciding with the expansion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). As a result, large countries of the African continent, including Sudan, will be affected by severe rain waves during the coming period. Huge amounts of tropical water vapor rush through various layers of the atmosphere, coinciding with the rise in the Earth's surface temperature and the activity of ascending air currents, which produces thick convective clouds that extend to high levels in the atmosphere, accompanied by very heavy rainfall, which increases the difficult weather conditions witnessed by many countries in the African continent, and thus increases the risks of flooding, especially with the nature of the desert soil that does not easily absorb rainwater and has been saturated with water since the previous tropical wave.

Tropical wave strongly affects Sudan and increases weather conditions

Sudan is currently experiencing a strong tropical wave impact that will continue over the medium term, exacerbating the weather conditions in various parts of the country. This tropical wave, which brings with it high humidity and intense thunderstorm activity, contributes to a significant increase in rainfall, especially in the northern and central regions. The weather activity increases the risk of floods and landslides, posing a major challenge to infrastructure and population. These phenomena are part of the usual seasonal impacts in Sudan, but they have become more severe this year due to the strong nature of the tropical wave.

Several Arab countries in Africa are affected by the humid tropical wave, with severe effects on the Maghreb

Several Arab countries in Africa are affected by this tropical wave and climatic weather conditions. The Arab countries are Sudan, Somalia, and Djibouti, in addition to the driest and least rainfall regions in the world, namely southern Egypt, southern Libya, and the African Sahara. Weather disturbances are severe in Djibouti, Somalia, and Sudan, where heavy rains fall with strong thunderstorms, hail, and strong winds, leading to torrents and floods.

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As for Djibouti, Somalia and Sudan, the weather disturbances are severe in those areas, where heavy rains fall with strong thunderstorms, hail and strong winds, which leads to the formation of torrents and floods.

The tropical wave will affect the Maghreb countries, specifically Algeria and Tunisia, coinciding with the passage of cold upper basins from North Africa, which will produce rain waves in those regions due to the emergence of severe weather disturbances accompanied by hail and thunderstorms during the coming days, which will cause the formation of floods and a rise in water levels in several regions, God willing.

The African Sahara, the driest region in the world, is witnessing heavy rains, as weather disturbances become active in the afternoon hours and gradually intensify in the evening. Thick thunderstorm clouds also form over parts of southern Egypt and Libya, and the rains are sometimes heavy, accompanied by hail and sudden strong winds.

For those interested and specialists, what is the MJO and the orbital convergence interval?

Scientifically, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is defined as the area where the northeast trade winds meet the southeast trade winds. This area extends around the equator and is characterized by high temperatures and high humidity, which leads to the formation of dense clouds and heavy rainfall.

The tropical wet mass, also known as the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), is a pattern of atmospheric oscillations that significantly influences the distribution and intensity of rainfall in the tropics. This phenomenon is a system that moves slowly from west to east across the Indian Ocean and the equatorial Pacific Ocean, where an active phase of convection (rain and storms) begins in the Indian Ocean and moves towards the Pacific Ocean at a rate of 3-5 m/s.

This oscillation plays an important role in shaping weather not only in the tropics but also in temperate regions through its effect on Rossby waves that can propagate to high latitudes, affecting the pattern and behavior of weather systems there. It is worth noting that the effect of this phenomenon is most evident in winter, as it leads to noticeable changes in weather patterns.

God knows best.