Dr. Al-Misnad reveals the reasons that turned Kuwait and southern Iraq into a massive thermal oven

Arab Weather - Professor of Climate at Qassim University, Dr. Abdullah Al-Misnad revealed the reasons behind the uniqueness of Kuwait and southern Iraq by recording blazing temperatures that are considered the highest around the world, explaining that there are a number of factors that make this region like a burning oven in the summer, including:

The first factor is purely physical

Direct effect of the India monsoon depression on the region

The region is under the influence of the seasonal India depression throughout the summer, and accordingly, the wind revolves around the center of the Indian depression counterclockwise, from which the wind moves from the highest peaks of the Zagros Mountains in western Iran, descending to low areas where Iraq is, and when the wind descends from the peaks to the low slopes, the wind rubs against the slopes The mountains, as their temperature rises and their humidity decreases, so the northeastern winds affecting southern Iraq, Kuwait, northeastern and eastern Saudi Arabia become dominant, and these areas are blown by the hot and dry winds descending from the slopes of the Iranian Zagros Mountains.

The second factor that raises the temperature of the region

An upper atmosphere that accumulates hot air near the Earth's surface

The second factor is upper air: when high pressure is concentrated in the upper layers of the atmosphere (3-5 km), it causes air currents to descend from top to bottom, which in turn causes air pressure and accumulation in the lower atmosphere; Because of it, the temperatures rise, and the situation traps those hot currents rising from the surface of the earth, and they bounce back to the ground, so the temperature rises and the humidity drops, and this mechanism forms - by God Almighty's permission - a dome or an air bubble (a great air mass) over the affected area that lasts for a few weeks; The average temperature rises more than the annual average for the same month by more than 5 degrees Celsius or so, and this condition of the atmosphere usually prevents any different climate system entering the region to change the temperature. This explains - and the hadith of the Musnad - the heat wave remaining for several weeks, perching over the region as a hot and dry air mass, so people are fed up with the atmosphere, and sectors including electricity, water, health, education, agriculture and tourism are affected.

The third factor is topography

The area is low and devoid of water bodies and vegetation

As for the third factor, it is topographical: the region of the Persian Gulf basin, including eastern Saudi Arabia in general, is of low altitude. On the other hand, Al-Misnad said: There are other factors that raise the temperature and are shared by most countries in the Middle East, where the region is devoid of lakes, rivers, and vegetation cover dense; All of these factors, when present, limit the heat of the sun, and the sky in the region is characterized by being free of clouds; This allows the sun's rays to reach the Earth's surface from sunrise to sunset. For these and other reasons, these regions record the highest temperature in the world in the summer.