The Arabian Gulf: In the exceptional rainy season, Arabia Weather explains the scientific reasons behind the strength and momentum of the rainy condition affecting all Gulf countries recently.

Arabia Weather - During the past few days and until the moment of preparing this report (Thursday 5/2/2024), all countries of the Middle East were affected by a spring rainy condition during the rainy season witnessed by the Arabian Gulf countries. The recently affected situation was characterized by high momentum in the Arab Gulf countries, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia and the UAE, in addition to Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and now the Sultanate of Oman. In this report, God willing, we will explain the scientific reasons that caused the rainy situation and review the weather phenomena that accompanied the situation and which are still irrigating the lands of some Arab Gulf countries with good things.

The first cause: the crossing of an upper air depression in the form of an upper low wave, which provoked a state of atmospheric instability

After analyzing the outputs of numerical models and studying the spring case, experts at the Arabian Regional Weather Center say that the first and most important reason for provoking the unstable weather conditions that affected the Arabian Gulf is due, God willing, to the crossing of an upper air depression in the form of an upper wave (“upper low”), which is an air depression. In the upper layers of the atmosphere, it has separated from the general circulation of the jet stream and has begun to rotate and turn around itself), and when the upper depression passes, it has, God willing, created a state of instability in the Middle East and the Arab Gulf countries. The upper wave has crossed hundreds of thousands of kilometers from Palestine to Oman.

The second reason: humidity with tropical characteristics and high surface heating, which means latent thermal energy and humidity that constantly supply the air depression.

Tropical humidity: Weather forecasters at the Arab Regional Weather Center said that the second reason behind the momentum gained by the rainy condition is due to the occurrence of coalescence between the upper low and a mass of warm, humid air (acquired tropical characteristics, especially in the upper layers of the atmosphere). The reason is due to the flow of high-quality moisture. Tropical characteristics lead to the presence of an air high above the waters of the Arabian Sea, which causes the rainy condition to be supplied with sufficient moisture, especially when there is an area of low surface air pressure over the Arabian Gulf. The process of feeding water vapor was direct between the air high above the Arabian Sea and the low that corresponds to it over the Arabian Gulf countries.

Surface heating resulting from solar radiation: With the onset of spring, temperatures on land begin to rise, as the Earth’s surface heats up and its temperature rises as a result of an increase in the amount of various types of solar radiation emitted to the Earth’s surface. The high surface temperature of the Earth has contributed to feeding the rainy conditions and cloud clouds. The cumulus was exposed to rising air currents and increased their upward flow, which helped accelerate the growth of clouds through a process known as energy release (i.e., the release of latent thermal energy that is present in the rising air currents).

Weather phenomena accompanied the rainy situation that affected the countries of the Arabian Gulf and the region

Regarding the weather phenomena that accompanied the rainy situation in the Arabian Gulf countries and the region, our experts at the Arab Regional Weather Center said that the weather conditions that affect the region during this period of the year differ from those that affect the winter season, as the conditions that occur in the months of March April and May are predominantly spring in nature, that is, they are conditions with spring characteristics accompanied by severe weather phenomena, “but they all result from a type of clouds called Cumulus clouds that arise in cases of spring instability,” which are accompanied by:

• Heavy rain.
• Thunderstorms.
• Sudden downward winds causing sandstorms.
• Hail falls heavily and in large sizes.

(The specialists at the Arab Regional Weather Center see, after monitoring the behavior of the atmospheric pressure values above the Arctic Circle (the Arctic Oscillation Coefficient AO), that it is witnessing negative values, and this means that the atmospheric pressure values above the Arctic Circle are high, and this is what, after God’s will, was the reason for the rush of air depressions. Alawite towards the south of the European continent and its movement east towards the Levant and the Arabian Gulf).

God knows.