The invention of the lie detector.. the ambition of nations since ancient times

ArabiaWeather.com- Man has been trying since ancient times to search for new and advanced lie detection techniques, in an attempt to solve puzzles and crimes and reach various facts, and the result was the invention of the lie detector.

The quest to uncover the truth and to know lies was not limited to a specific culture. Many cultures have tried to uncover this throughout the ages, to devise means that help them reach these truths. For example, but not limited to, the ancient Arab judiciary or what is known as the "customary By using the “ugly” to detect lies - which is summed up by burning the tongue with fire - if the tongue is burned, he is guilty, or if it is not burned, he is innocent.

Likewise, in China, a handful of wet rice was placed in the suspect's mouth, and if he drooled or spit out the rice, he was lying.

The polygraph was invented in 1921 by John Augustus Larson, a student at the University of California Medical School, but the idea of the device dates back to 1913 AD, by William Moulton Marston, a student at Harvard University, who used the systolic blood pressure test. Is a lie detector? How does it work?

The device is scientifically known as the "polygraph" and is based on measuring the physiological changes that occur to the body during interrogation and asking questions.

The device actually measures the heart rate, sweating, breathing, blood pressure and the changes that a person gets during the interrogation. The results are read by trained psychologists. They are the ones who determine whether a person is innocent or guilty, by comparing the drawings of the zigzag lines of the four factors mentioned, which are in the form of zigzag lines. As for the questions that are asked to the accused or interrogated person, they are studied questions, not spontaneous. .  

There are two types of lie detectors, the first: analog, which relies on the movement of pens to draw charts on the paper, while the second type is digital and relies on algorithms on a computer instead of paper.

To use the device ,   The interrogated person is seated on a chair, while the interrogator ties two rubber belts on his chest and abdomen to measure his breathing rate, and his fingers are connected to a piece of metal that measures perspiration.

After that, the investigator begins asking questions to the interrogator. The questions are characterized by simplicity at the beginning, then their difficulty gradually increases, and the answers are yes or no. During the interrogator's answer to the questions, the machine records the changes that occur in the body of the interrogator.

The lie detector is currently used when investigating crimes, pre-employment investigations and employee investigations.

The question arises, are the polygraph results accurate and reliable?

The results issued by this device are not taken into account in the courts, as it is still controversial among scholars. The results of the polygraph test are subject to the circumstances and the personality of the interrogator. The researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Emilio Pizzi, confirmed that the "polygraph" is used as an intimidating method to prevent lying, but its accuracy has not been scientifically proven.

Many experts also indicated that anyone can succeed in this test with a little training to pass it, by practicing controlling and controlling reactions.

Finally, the person will continue to search permanently and diligently for the invention of a lie detector device that achieves his ambition with 100% sure results and enables him to reach the truth.

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