Weather of Arabia - The winds of Saba are described as moderate winds that come from the East, and they are known to the Arabs as one of the four mothers of the four winds, and they are: the north winds, the south winds, the morning winds, the hornet winds, and so named because they are good winds that tend or tend toward the Holy Kaaba, The Messenger, may blessings and peace be upon him, praised the winds of boyhood and said about it: “It was conquered by youth, and it was destroyed.”
The winds of boyhood come from the east and head to the west, and they are moderate winds, which blow at the time of magic and the beginning of the day, and when they blow at the beginning of the day they are tilted to cold because they pass on places that have cooled during the hours of the night during the absence of the sun, but it remains for a short period of time until it gets hot The sun rays the surface of the earth, and the wind heats up.
The Saba winds are known local winds in Hejaz, where the Saba winds blow over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a result of the horizontal thermal differences between the interior and the Red Sea regions, moving from high pressure areas to low pressure areas, and the Saba winds blow mostly from Najd to Hijaz and Tihama.
Saba winds result from the control of a surface cold air mass over the eastern Hijaz Mountains and central and northern Saudi Arabia, coinciding with the control of a surface air height over those areas, so the cold air rushes westward towards the Hijaz Mountains due to its high density, so the Hijaz Mountains act as a barrier that prevents the cold air from moving towards the sea Red, so that the air finds no way but to pass through the paths between the mountains, so its speed increases and rushes strongly towards the coastal areas, which works to raise dust.
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