Scientific reading: The arrival of the Khamasini depressions in the region and Jordan in June is considered a rare matter and has led to exceptional weather conditions

Weather of Arabia - It is considered rare that the eastern basin of the Mediterranean Sea and Jordan were affected by five-year depressions during the month of June, which is considered one of the summer months, as these depressions are usually active during the period from mid-March until mid-May, but the Kingdom has already been affected and On more than one occasion, with the effects of five-year depressions, which brought dusty weather and thunderstorms to several areas, which were in the form of mud showers in some areas.

These five-year depressions are formed in the eastern slopes of the Atlas Mountains, as a result of the apparent movement of the sun towards the north. With the spring equinox, the land temperature begins to increase more than the water temperature of the Mediterranean Sea, so the atmospheric pressure decreases as the temperature rises in the deserts, resulting in dynamic instability in the layers of the atmosphere due to the difference. All-air convection (cold over the sea and hot over land). The Atlas Mountains in northwest Africa also play a dynamic role in increasing the downward movement of the winds accompanying the depression in the eastern slopes of the mountain range.

And the eruption of these five-year depressions in the region coincided with the flow of cold air in the upper and middle layers of the atmosphere, where a change occurred in their characteristics (transformed from barotropic systems to baroclinical, i.e. accompanied by air fronts), which led to the emergence of air disturbances and the proliferation of cumulonimbus clouds. The fact that the surface depression is considered one of the most important lifting mechanisms for the formation of rain clouds that move the air upwards, so that it gives greater kinetic energy and releases potential energy, and as a result clouds of vertical thickness were formed that caused unusual weather phenomena in the Levant and Jordan in The month of June was represented by rain, which was accompanied by the occurrence of lightning and thunder, and the fall of hailstones of large sizes, in addition to the activity of the downward winds, whose gusts exceeded the barrier of 100 km / h, which led to the occurrence of temporary sand storms in some areas.

The occurrence of these weather phenomena at this time of the year, it can be said that they are rare, especially with their occurrence on more than one occasion during the month, but the Jordanian Archive contains precipitation in the month of June, as the atmosphere is a complex dynamic system that does not follow specific climate designations, and The Kingdom has already been affected by dynamic depressions in this month, and we mention that in 1992, and in the form of a state of air instability in June 2012 as well as in 2018.

As for the association of these events with climate change, they cannot be directly linked to climate change from now on, as climate changes must occur in successive periods. climatic.